Facts about Veganism

Veganism:

In veganism, we eat foods that are not of animal origin. Veganism is avoiding foods from animal sources. And a vegan person enjoys a healthy life when his diet is planned and used correctly. Like avoiding of some specific foods results in the lack of some essential nutrients such as calcium, iron, proteins, and vitamin B12. As nutrients from animal foods are missing from the diet. A vegan person avoids all foods of animal origin such as fish, meat, dairy, eggs, honey, etc. The vegan diet was introduced by a company named Charity in 1964. A vegan diet includes fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, beans, pulses, and seeds. All foods of plant origin are included in a vegan diet.

Vegan's food list:

In a vegan diet, we eat foods made from plats origins including slices of bread, pasta, nuts, fruits, vegetables, rice, coconut milk, almond milk, vegetable oils, peas, lentils, etc. We avoid beef, lamb, pork, eggs, fish, shellfish, milk, cream, ice cream (all dairy products), mayonnaise, cheese, butter, and honey. 

Types of vegans:

There are four types of vegans which are:

• Ethical vegans
• Environmental vegans
• Health vegans 
• Religious vegans

Ethical vegans choose veganism as their lifestyle and choice they desire cruelty and suffering to animals at any cost. Environmental vegans are those who are motivated by the desire to create a different diet for themselves so they avoid animal-based diets. Religious vegans are those who choose their diet by their religious choices like in India, Hinduism, Buddhism, etc. Vegan's lunch: They can use vegan pasta, and fish tacos. Asian noodles with ginger peanut dressing. Bean, rice, and kale bowl with lemon, vegan Greek salad, vegan sushi bowl, avocado cream pasta. These are some most important lunches for vegans.

 Avocado cream pasta:

Avocado cream pasta is a delicious vegan lunch.

Vegan sushi bowl:

Vegan Greek salad:

Fish tacos:

Different types of diet:

WHAT IS DIET:

 

 In nutrition, diet is the sum of all foods that are consumed by us and by other living organisms. The word diet implies the use of specific foods used for healthy living and weight management reasons. Although humans are omnivores and they know well about their food preferences.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIET AND NUTRITION:

Diet, basically relates to food and drink that we consume on daily bases for maintaining our mental health and physical health. Nutrition involves not simply eating a good diet but it is about our body's nourishment on every level.

TYPES OF DIET:

There are lots of diets some are therapeutic. The Following are different types of diets:

• Mediterranean Diet
• Ketogenic Diet 
• Intermittent Diet
• Low Carbohydrate Diet
• Veganism
• DASH Diet
• Gluten-Free Diet
• Raw Food Diet
• Vegetarianism 
• Low Fat Diet
• Blood Type Diet
• Cardiac Diet
• Renal Diet
• High Protein Diet
• Low sodium Diet

THERAPEUTIC DIETS:

 

A Therapeutic diet is a meal plan which controls the intake of different food and nutrients in our diet. We follow a therapeutic diet when it is prescribed by a dietitian to cure related diseases. A Therapeutic diet is a modification to the regular diet. A therapeutic diet is followed to maintain our nutritional status, restore nutritional status, correct nutritional status, decrease calories for weight control provide some extra calories for weight gain, and to balance amounts of carbohydrates, fats, and protein for control of diabetes. 

Dietitians recommend this diet to provide a greater amount of a nutrient such as protein. It also decreases the number of nutrients such as sodium. It is important to exclude foods due to food intolerance and allergies. Therapeutic diets also provide us a texture modification due to problems with chewing and swallowing.  

FULL LIQUID DIET:

A full liquid diet includes creamy fluids. SOME EXAMPLES of food allowed are ice cream, pudding, thinned hot cereals, custard, juices, etc. We use this diet as the second step to restarting oral feeding once clear fluids are tolerated. We use this diet for people who cannot tolerate a minimal soft diet. And this diet should not be used for extended periods. 

CALORIES CONTROL DIET:

A Calorie control diet is also called a diabetic diet. This diet controls calories such as it controls carbohydrates, proteins and fats intake in balanced amounts to meet nutritional needs, it controls blood sugar levels/, and controls weight. The most commonly used calorie diet includes calories such as 1200, 1500, 1800, and 2000. 

 

NO ADDED SALY DIET:

This diet is used when a patient has blood pressure issues. In this diet, we use no salt packets in the tray. This food is seasoned as regular food.

LOW SODIUM DIET:

This sodium diet is also called a 2-gram sodium diet. This diet limits salt and salty foods such as bacon, sausage, cured meats, canned soups, pickled foods, salty seasonings, salt crackers, etc.

LOW-FAT \ CHOLESTEROL DIET:

We use this diet to reduce fat levels or to treat medical conditions that interfere with how our body uses fats such as diseases of the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas. It limits fat to 50 grams or no more than 30 of calories derived from fats.

HIGH FIBER DIET:

This diet is prescribed for the prevention or treatment of a number of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. This increased fiber should come from a variety of sources including legumes, fruits, vegetables, whole bread, and cereals.

RENAL DIET:

This diet is recommended for people having kidney problems. This diet plan is individualized depending on if the person is on dialysis. This diet restricts potassium, sodium, fluid, and protein specified levels.

Under nutrition , its types, causes, treatment and prevention:

UNDER NUTRITION:

Undernutrition is a kind of malnutrition that happens when we take a lesser amount of energy or nutrients to meet our needs to maintain good health and live a healthy life. Basically, malnutrition is the term that contains a definition of both under nutrition and over nutrition.

We can also define under nutrition as ' the lack of proper nutrition in our diet that is caused by lack of nutrients in our food which are necessary for growth and health' 

TYPES OF UNDR NUTRITION:

There are 4 forms under nutrition which are

• wasting
• stunting
• underweight
• deficiencies in vitamins and minerals

CAUSES: The lack of the following vitamins and minerals in the diet is the main cause of undernutrition.

• iron 
• iodine
• vitamin D 
• vitamin B12 
• calcium
• vitamin A 
• magnesium
• potassium
• zinc

UNDER NUTRITION IN CHILDREN:

 The effect of undernutrition is particularly more important during childhood when energy and all the other nutrients are needed for the normal growth and development of children. children are more sensitive than adults so children are severely undernourished as they do not get a sufficient amount of nutrients. They may become dangerously thin with the loss of muscles as with the loss of fat and this is called wasting. As they lack a sufficient amount of nutrients and minerals which are important for their growth and they will stop growing and they look too short for their age this condition is called stunting.

In this picture, a public health worker is measuring the arm circumference of a young child in order to access the nutritional status of the child.

UNDER NUTRITION SYNDROMES:

The severe cases of undernutrition may lead to life-threatening syndromes such as kwashiorkor and marasmus. These syndromes are mostly very common in developing countries where babies and children do not get enough proteins and nutrients. The symptoms of kwashiorkor include too much fluid in the body tissues and which causes swelling under the skin, this condition is known as edema. While marasmus is a type of protein-energy malnutrition that mainly affects children. Mainly its symptoms include chronic diarrhea, respiratory infections, intellectual disability, stunted growth, etc. 

TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF UNDERNUTRITION:

For treating undernutrition we should use a diet that is high in calories, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Using multivitamin supplements and using fortified foods like fortified cereals and milk, having drinks that contain lots of calories, etc.

Stomach Acidity, its symptoms and remedies for treatment of stomach acidity:

 STOMACH PAIN

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when acid from the stomach often flows back into the tube that connects to your mouth and stomach (throat). This backwash (acid reflux) is irritating reflux in the esophagus.

SYMPTOMS OF STOMACH ACIDITY:

•  Feeling hot in the chest (heartburn), usually after a meal, which can be very bad at night.
•  Chest pain
•  Difficulty swallowing
•  Repetition of food or sour liquid
•  Feeling a lump in your throat
•  Chronic cough
• Laryngitis
•  New or worse asthma
•  Sleep disorders
• Causes
•  Unhealthy eating habits
•  Skipping meals or eating at odd times
•  Eating just before bedtime
•  Overeating
•  Consumption of spicy foods
•  Eat too much table salt
•  Foods with low fiber intake
•  When you swallow, a round muscle band around the bottom of your throat (lower leg throat) loosens so that food and fluid can flow into your stomach. Then the sphincter closes again.
•  If the sphincter loosens abruptly or becomes weaker, stomach acid can flow back into your throat. This frequent acid bath irritates the lining of your throat, often causing it to swell.
•  Obesity
•  Abdominal rupture up to the diaphragm (hiatal hernia)
•  Pregnancy
•  Degenerative tissue disorders, such as scleroderma
•  Delay of abortion

The problem:

• Decreased esophagus (esophagus). Injury to the lower duct from stomach acid causes red tissue to form. Red tissue slows the digestive tract, leading to digestive problems.
• Open wound in the esophagus (esophagus). Stomach acid can age the tissues in the esophagus, creating an open wound. A sore throat can bleed, cause pain and make swallowing difficult.
• A cancerous change in the throat (Barrett's throat). Damage from the acid can cause changes in the muscles in the lower roof. These changes are associated with an increased risk of throat cancer.

TEST FOR DIAGNOSING STOMACH ACIDITY:

Ephezulu Advanced endoscopy

• Assessment of ambulatory acid (pH) probe.
• Esophageal manometry.
• X-ray of your upper digestive system.

CALORIES COUNT

REMEDIES FOT TREATMENT OF STOMACH ACIDITY:

• Basil leaves relives in acidity. So in case of gas, eat a few basil leaves or boil 3-4 basil leaves in a cup of water. 
• We can use Cinnamon This humble ingredient acts as a natural antacid for stomach acid and can soothe your stomach, by improving digestion and absorption.
• Buttermilk contains lactic acid which makes the stomach acid normal so we can use this as well. Sprinkle dash of black pepper or 1 teaspoon of ground coriander leaves for best results.
• Cloves have a carminative nature, thus preventing the formation of gas in the intestinal tract, it will be effective in stomach problem.

REMEDIES

• Cumin Seeds act as a great acid ingredient, help digestion, and relieve stomach pain.

• Ginger Under its cracked surface, ginger hides many health benefits. Ginger has excellent digestive and anti-inflammatory properties, said Dr. Ahuja, at Fortis Hospital. To help reduce stomach acid, you can chew a piece of fresh ginger, drink a tablespoon of ginger juice two or three times a day, or ginger ginger in a cup of boiling water and drink.

• Cold Milk For those who cannot tolerate lactose, milk can help stabilize gastric acids in the stomach. It is rich in calcium, which prevents the accumulation of acid in the stomach.
• APPLE Cider vinegar and coconut water.

MINT

• Milk, yoghurt, and low-fat cheese.
• vegetable oil and olive oil.
• Other fruits, including apples, melons, and bananas.
• Other vegetables, including green leafy vegetables, carrots, and spinach.
• dill, peas, and soybeans.
• lean meat.
• foods high in fiber, such as grains, fruits, vegetables, and beans
• low-fat foods, such as fish, lean meat and vegetables
• low-fat foods, including vegetables and beans
• Non-carbonated beverages
• Non-caffeinated beverages

WHAT TO EAT

PREVENTIONS FOR STOMACH ACIDITY 

• Keeping a regular meal time for dinner that lasts at least two to three hours before bedtime
• Less common foods
• Following a low-carb diet
• Avoid acidic foods such as green onions and orange juice
• Avoid caffeinated and carbonated beverages
• Avoid lying on your right side
• Reduce smoking and alcohol abuse
• Keeping your mind and body functioning
• Initiating stress-relieving activities
• Try to avoid acidic substances

Malnutrition and its complications:

What is malnutrition?

A malnourished person may become tired, irritable, and unable to concentrate. Malnutrition occurs when a person receives too much or too little nutrients. Malnutrition occurs when they are malnourished because they eat very little food in total. A person with malnutrition may be deprived of vitamins, minerals, and other essential nutrients that his body needs in order to function. Malnutrition can lead to:

• · Short-term and long-term health problems
• · Slow recovery of wounds and infections
• · High risk of infection
• · Difficulty concentrating on work or school
• · Some deficiencies can cause some health problems.

 For example:/ Vitamin A deficiency Worldwide, many children develop vision problems because of a deficiency of vitamin A.

Vitamin C deficiency:

Vitamin C deficiency can lead to scurvy. Scurvy is rare in the United States, but it can develop if a person does not have a variety of foods and fruits. Older people, young children, those who overindulge in alcohol, and other people with certain mental health conditions may be at greater risk.

Overall deficiency:

Malnutrition can lead to kwashiorkor, “a serious form of malnutrition.” Another symptom of this condition is an open stomach. Marasmus is another possible consequence of severe malnutrition. A person with marasmus will have very little muscle or fat in their body.

 

Symptoms

Other signs and symptoms of malnutrition include:

• · Lack of appetite or appetite or drink
• · Tiredness and irritability
• · Inability to concentrate
• · Feeling cold all the time
• · Depression
• · Loss of fat, body tissues and tissues
• · High risk of illness and prolonged recovery
• · Long-term wound healing
• · High risk of complications after surgery
• · Eventually, a person may have difficulty breathing and heart failure.

For children, there may be:

• · Lack of growth and low body weight
• · Fatigue and lack of energy
• · Irritability and anxiety
• · Slow growth in behavior and intelligence, which can result in learning difficulties

Treatment is possible. However, in some cases, malnutrition can have long-term consequences. Anorexia nervosa is a mental illness that can lead to severe malnutrition

Causes:

Malnutrition can occur for a variety of reasons. The sections below describe these possible causes in more detail.

Less food:

Some people become malnourished because they do not have enough food or because they have difficulty eating or absorbing nutrients.

This is possible because of:

• · Cancer
• · Liver disease
• · Taking medicines that make food difficult - for example, due to nausea
• · Oral problems such as dentures may contribute to malnutrition.

Mental health conditions:

Malnutrition or malnutrition can affect people:

• · Depression
• · Dementia
• · Schizophrenia
• · Anorexia nervosa
• · Social and travel issues

Factors that can affect one's diet and can lead to malnutrition include:

• · Not being able to get out of the house or get to the store to buy food
• · Find it difficult to prepare food
• · Have limited cooking skills
• · Not having enough money to spend on food

Digestive disorders and stomach conditions:

When the body is poorly nourished, even a healthy diet may not prevent malnutrition. Examples of digestive and gastrointestinal conditions that may cause this include:

• · Crohn's disease
• · Ulcerative colitis
• · Celiac disease
• · Persistent diarrhea, vomiting, or both

 

Disruption of alcohol use:

Drinking too much alcohol can lead to gastritis or chronic pancreatitis. These problems can make it difficult to digest food, absorb vitamins, and produce hormones that control the body.Alcohol also has calories, so a person may not feel hungry after drinking it. So they may not eat enough healthy food to provide the body with essential nutrients.

Risk factors:

In some parts of the world, widespread and prolonged malnutrition can be the result of malnutrition. However, in wealthier nations, those most at risk of malnutrition include:

• · Older people, especially if they are in the hospital or in a long-term care institution
• · People who isolate themselves from society - for example, because of mobility problems, health problems, or other factors
• · Low-income people
• · People who are recovering from or living with a serious illness or condition
• · Those who have difficulty absorbing nutrients

Diagnosis:

If the doctor suspects Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or other conditions, he may perform laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis. Treating these conditions can improve nutritional status of a person. They may also do the following:

• Blood tests for testing and monitoring
• check certain nutrients, such as iron or vitamins
• Preliminary testing of albumin, as malnutrition often impairs the levels of this protein
• Albumin testing, which may indicate liver or kidney disease

Risk identification tool:

Some tools can help identify people who are malnourished or at risk. Another way to test adults is to use the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MUST). A Reliable Source of Research has shown this as a reliable tool. Experts have developed this tool to identify older people, especially the elderly, who are malnourished or at high risk for malnutrition. It is a five-step plan that can help health care providers diagnose and treat these conditions. The five steps are as follows:

Step 1: Measure a person's height and weight, calculate his or her body mass index (BMI), and then score points.

Step 2: Observe the percentage of random weight loss and give points. For example, a 5–10% random loss would give 1 point, while a 10% loss would add 2 points.

Step 3: Identify any mental or physical health conditions and score points. For example, if a person is very sick and does not eat for more than 5 days, the score will be 3.

Step 4: Add points from steps 1, 2, and 3 to get the full score.

Step 5: Use local guidelines to create a point-based care plan.